Benazepril Hydrochloride
Tablet, Coated · Oral
Uses
1. INDICATIONS AND USAGE Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. These benefits have been seen in controlled trials of antihypertensive drugs from a wide variety of pharmacologic classes including the class to which this drug principally belongs. Control of high blood pressure should be part of comprehensive cardiovascular risk management, including, as appropriate, lipid control, diabetes management, antithrombotic therapy, smoking cessation, exercise, and limited sodium intake. Many patients will require more than one drug to achieve blood pressure goals. For specific advice on goals and management, see published guidelines, such as those of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program’s Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC). Numerous antihypertensive drugs, from a variety of pharmacologic classes and with different mechanisms of action, have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and it can be concluded that it is blood pressure reduction, and not some other pharmacologic property of the drugs, that is largely responsible for those benefits. The largest and most consistent cardiovascular outcome benefit has been a reduction in the risk of stroke, but reductions in myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality also have been seen regularly. Elevated systolic or diastolic pressure causes increased cardiovascular risk, and the absolute risk increase per mm Hg is greater at higher blood pressures, so that even modest reductions of severe hypertension can provide substantial benefit. Relative risk reduction from blood pressure reduction is similar across populations with varying absolute risk, so the absolute benefit is greater in patients who are at higher risk independent of their hypertension (for example, patients with diabetes or hyperlipidemia), and such patients would be expected to benefit from more aggressive treatment to a lower blood pressure goal. Some antihypertensive drugs have smaller blood pressure effects (as monotherapy) in Black patients, and many antihypertensive drugs have additional approved indications and effects (e.g., on angina, heart failure, or diabetic kidney disease). These considerations may guide selection of therapy. It may be used alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics. Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets are an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. ( 1 )
Dosage and administration
2. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
• Adult Patients: Initiate with 10 mg once daily (or 5 mg if patient is on diuretic). Titrate to 40 mg daily based on blood pressure response. ( 2.1 )
• Pediatric patients age 6 years and above with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 : Initiate with 0.2 mg/kg once daily. Maximum dose is 0.6 mg/kg once daily.
• Renal Impairment: Initiate with 5 mg once daily in patients with GFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (serum creatinine >3 mg/dL) ( 2.2 ) 2.1. Recommended Dosage ADULTS The recommended initial dose for patients not receiving a diuretic is 10 mg once a day. The usual maintenance dosage range is 20 to 40 mg per day administered as a single dose or in two equally divided doses. A dose of 80 mg gives an increased response, but experience with this dose is limited. The divided regimen was more effective in controlling trough (pre-dosing) blood pressure than the same dose given as a once-daily regimen. Use with diuretics in adults The recommended starting dose of Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets in a patient on a diuretic is 5 mg once daily. If blood pressure is not controlled with Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets alone, a low dose of diuretic may be added. PEDIATRIC PATIENTS 6 YEARS OF AGE AND OLDER The recommended starting dose for pediatric patients is 0.2 mg/kg once per day. Titrate as needed to 0.6 mg/kg once per day. Doses above 0.6 mg/kg (or in excess of 40 mg daily) have not been studied in pediatric patients. Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets are not recommended in pediatric patients less than 6 years of age or in pediatric patients with GFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73m 2 [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3) ] . 2.2. Dose Adjustment for Renal Impairment For adults with a GFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (serum creatinine >3 mg/dL), the recommended initial dose is 5 mg benazepril hydrochloride once daily. Dosage may be titrated upward until blood pressure is controlled or to a maximum total daily dose of 40 mg. Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets can also worsen renal function [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . 2.3. Preparation of Suspension (for 150 mL of a 2 mg/mL Suspension) Add 75 mL of Ora-Plus ® * oral suspending vehicle to an amber polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle containing fifteen benazepril hydrochloride 20 mg tablets, and shake for at least two minutes. Allow the suspension to stand for a minimum of 1 hour. After the standing time, shake the suspension for a minimum of one additional minute. Add 75 mL of Ora-Sweet ® * oral syrup vehicle to the bottle and shake the suspension to disperse the ingredients. The suspension should be refrigerated at 2° to 8°C (36° to 46°F) and can be stored for up to 30 days in the PET bottle with a child-resistant screw-cap closure. Shake the suspension before each use. *Ora-Plus and Ora-Sweet are registered trademarks of Paddock Laboratories, Inc. Ora Plus contains carrageenan, citric acid, methylparaben, microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, potassium sorbate, simethicone, sodium phosphate monobasic, xanthan gum, and water. Ora-Sweet contains citric acid, berry citrus flavorant, glycerin, methylparaben, potassium sorbate, sodium phosphate monobasic, sorbitol, sucrose, and water.
Dosage forms and strengths
3. DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Tablets: 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg
• Each 5 mg tablet is light yellow, capsule-shaped, film-coated, debossed with “ANI” on one side and “524” on the other.
• Each 10 mg tablet is dark yellow, capsule-shaped, film-coated, debossed with “ANI” on one side and “525” on the other.
• Each 20 mg tablet is light pink, capsule-shaped, film-coated, debossed with “ANI” on one side and “526” on the other.
• Each 40 mg tablet is dark pink capsule-shaped, film-coated, debossed with “ANI” on one side and “527” on the other.
• Tablets: 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg
Contraindications
4. CONTRAINDICATIONS Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets are contraindicated in patients:
• who are hypersensitive to benazepril or to any other ACE inhibitor
• with a history of angioedema with or without previous ACE inhibitor treatment Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets are contraindicated in combination with a neprilysin inhibitor (e.g., sacubitril). Do not administer Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets within 36 hours of switching to or from sacubitril/valsartan, a neprilysin inhibitor [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Do not coadminister aliskiren with angiotensin receptor blockers, ACE inhibitors, including; Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets in patients with diabetes [see Drug Interactions (7.4) ] .
• Angioedema or history of hereditary or idiopathic angioedema ( 4 )
• Hypersensitivity ( 4 )
• Coadministration with aliskiren in patients with diabetes ( 4 )
Warnings and precautions
5. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
• Angioedema: Discontinue benazepril hydrochloride and treat appropriately. ( 5.2 )
• Monitor renal function periodically. ( 5.3 )
• Monitor blood pressure after initiation. ( 5.4 )
• Hyperkalemia: Monitor serum potassium periodically. ( 5.5 )
• Hepatic toxicity: Monitor for jaundice or signs of liver failure. ( 5.6 ) 5.1. Fetal Toxicity Benazepril hydrochloride can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Use of drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy reduces fetal renal function and increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and death. Resulting oligohydramnios can be associated with fetal lung hypoplasia and skeletal deformations. Potential neonatal adverse effects include skull hypoplasia, anuria, hypotension, renal failure, and death. When pregnancy is detected, discontinue Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets as soon as possible [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ] . 5.2. Angioedema and Anaphylactoid Reactions Angioedema Head and Neck Angioedema Angioedema of the face, extremities, lips, tongue, glottis, and/or larynx including some fatal reactions, have occurred in patients treated with benazepril hydrochloride. Patients with involvement of the tongue, glottis or larynx are likely to experience airway obstruction, especially those with a history of airway surgery. Benazepril hydrochloride should be promptly discontinued and appropriate therapy and monitoring should be provided until complete and sustained resolution of signs and symptoms of angioedema has occurred. Patients with a history of angioedema unrelated to ACE inhibitor therapy may be at increased risk of angioedema while receiving an ACE inhibitor [see Contraindications (4) ] . ACE inhibitors have been associated with a higher rate of angioedema in Black than in non-Black patients. Patients receiving coadministration of ACE inhibitor and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor (e.g., temsirolimus, sirolimus, everolimus) therapy or a neprilysin inhibitor may be at increased risk for angioedema [see Drug Interactions (7.7) ] . Intestinal Angioedema Intestinal angioedema has occurred in patients treated with ACE inhibitors. These patients presented with abdominal pain (with or without nausea or vomiting); in some cases there was no prior history of facial angioedema and C-1 esterase levels were normal. In some cases, the angioedema was diagnosed by procedures including abdominal CT scan or ultrasound, or at surgery, and symptoms resolved after stopping the ACE inhibitor. Anaphylactoid Reactions Anaphylactoid Reactions During Desensitization Two patients undergoing desensitizing treatment with hymenoptera venom while receiving ACE inhibitors sustained life-threatening anaphylactoid reactions. Anaphylactoid Reactions During Dialysis Sudden and potentially life threatening anaphylactoid reactions have occurred in some patients dialyzed with high-flux membranes and treated concomitantly with an ACE inhibitor. In such patients, dialysis must be stopped immediately, and aggressive therapy for anaphylactoid reactions must be initiated. Symptoms have not been relieved by antihistamines in these situations. In these patients, consideration should be given to using a different type of dialysis membrane or a different class of antihypertensive agent. Anaphylactoid reactions have also been reported in patients undergoing low-density lipoprotein apheresis with dextran sulfate absorption. 5.3. Impaired Renal Function Monitor renal function periodically in patients treated with benazepril hydrochloride. Changes in renal function, including acute renal failure, can be caused by drugs that inhibit the renin-angiotensin system. Patients whose renal function may depend on the activity of the renin-angiotensin system (e.g., patients with renal artery stenosis, chronic kidney disease, severe congestive heart failure, post-myocardial infarction, or volume depletion) may be at particular risk of developing acute renal failure on benazepril hydrochloride. Consider withholding or discontinuing therapy in patients who develop a clinically significant decrease in renal function on benazepril hydrochloride. 5.4. Hypotension Benazepril hydrochloride can cause symptomatic hypotension, sometimes complicated by oliguria, progressive azotemia, acute renal failure, or death. Patients at risk of excessive hypotension include those with the following conditions or characteristics: heart failure with systolic blood pressure below 100 mm Hg, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, hyponatremia, high dose diuretic therapy, renal dialysis, or severe volume and/or salt depletion of any etiology. In such patients, follow closely for the first 2 weeks of treatment and whenever the dose of benazepril or diuretic is increased. Avoid use of benazepril hydrochloride in patients who are hemodynamically unstable after acute MI. Surgery/Anesthesia In patients undergoing major surgery or during anesthesia with agents that produce hypotension, benazepril hydrochloride may block angiotensin II formation secondary to compensatory renin release. If hypotension occurs, correct by volume expansion. 5.5. Hyperkalemia Serum potassium should be monitored periodically in patients receiving benazepril hydrochloride. Drugs that inhibit the renin-angiotensin system can cause hyperkalemia. Risk factors for the development of hyperkalemia include renal insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, and the concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements and/or potassium-containing salt substitutes [see Drug Interactions (7.1) ] . 5.6. Hepatic Failure ACE inhibitors have been associated with a syndrome that starts with cholestatic jaundice and progresses to fulminant hepatic necrosis and (sometimes) death. The mechanism of this syndrome is not understood.
Side effects
6. ADVERSE REACTIONS Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical studies of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Benazepril hydrochloride has been evaluated for safety in over 6000 patients with hypertension; over 700 of these patients were treated for at least one year. The overall incidence of reported adverse events was similar in benazepril hydrochloride and placebo patients. The reported side effects were generally mild and transient, and there was no relation between side effects and age, duration of therapy, or total dosage within the range of 2 to 80 mg. Discontinuation of therapy because of a side effect was required in approximately 5% of U.S. patients treated with benazepril hydrochloride and in 3% of patients treated with placebo. The most common reasons for discontinuation were headache (0.6%) and cough (0.5%). Adverse reactions seen in at least 1% greater frequency in patients treated with benazepril hydrochloride than placebo were headache (6% vs. 4%), dizziness (4% vs. 2%), somnolence (2% vs. 0%) and postural dizziness (2% vs. 0%). Adverse reactions reported in controlled clinical trials (less than 1% more on benazepril than on placebo), and rarer events seen in post-marketing experience, include the following (in some, a causal relationship to drug use is uncertain): Dermatologic: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, pemphigus, apparent hypersensitivity reactions (manifested by dermatitis, pruritus, or rash), photosensitivity, and flushing. Gastrointestinal: Nausea, pancreatitis, constipation, gastritis, vomiting, and melena. Hematologic: Thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia. Neurologic/Psychiatric: Anxiety, decreased libido, hypertonia, insomnia, nervousness, and paresthesia Other: Fatigue, asthma, bronchitis, dyspnea, sinusitis, urinary tract infection, frequent urination, infection, arthritis, impotence, alopecia, arthralgia, myalgia, asthenia, sweating. Laboratory Abnormalities: Elevations of uric acid, blood glucose, serum bilirubin, and liver enzymes [see Warnings and Precautions (5) ] have been reported, as have incidents of hyponatremia, electrocardiographic changes, eosinophilia, and proteinuria. The most common adverse reactions leading to discontinuation were headache (0.6%) and cough (0.5%) ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. at 1-855-204-1431 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Drug interactions
7. DRUG INTERACTIONS
• Diuretics: Excessive drop in blood pressure ( 7.1 )
• Antidiabetics: Increased risk of hypoglycemia ( 7.2 )
• NSAIDS: Increased risk of renal impairment and loss of antihypertensive efficacy ( 7.3 )
• Dual inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system: Increased risk of renal impairment, hypotension and hyperkalemia ( 7.4 )
• Lithium: Symptoms of lithium toxicity ( 7.6 )
• Neprilysin Inhibitor: Increased risk of angioedema ( 7.7 )
• Gold: Nitritoid reactions ( 7.8 ) 7.1. Diuretics Hypotension Patients on diuretics, especially those in whom diuretic therapy was recently instituted, may occasionally experience an excessive reduction of blood pressure after initiation of therapy with benazepril hydrochloride. The possibility of hypotensive effects with benazepril hydrochloride can be minimized by either discontinuing or decreasing the dose of diuretic prior to initiation of treatment with benazepril hydrochloride [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . Hyperkalemia Potassium-sparing diuretics (spironolactone, amiloride, triamterene, and others) can increase the risk of hyperkalemia. Therefore, if concomitant use of such agents is indicated, monitor the patient’s serum potassium frequently. Benazepril hydrochloride attenuates potassium loss caused by thiazide-type diuretics. 7.2. Antidiabetics Concomitant administration of benazepril hydrochloride and antidiabetic medicines (insulins, oral hypoglycemic agents) may increase the risk of hypoglycemia. 7.3. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents including Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors (COX-2 Inhibitors) In patients who are elderly, volume-depleted (including those on diuretic therapy), or with compromised renal function, coadministration of NSAIDs, including selective COX-2 inhibitors, with ACE inhibitors, including benazepril, may result in deterioration of renal function, including possible acute renal failure. These effects are usually reversible. Monitor renal function periodically in patients receiving benazepril and NSAID therapy. The antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors, including benazepril, may be attenuated by NSAIDs. 7.4. Dual Blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) Dual Blockade of the RAS with angiotensin receptor blockers, ACE inhibitors, or aliskiren is associated with increased risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and changes in renal function (including acute renal failure) compared to monotherapy. Most patients receiving the combination of two RAS inhibitors do not obtain any additional benefit compared to monotherapy. In general, avoid combined use of RAS inhibitors. Closely monitor blood pressure, renal function and electrolytes in patients on benazepril hydrochloride and other agents that affect the RAS. Do not coadminister aliskiren with benazepril hydrochloride in patients with diabetes. Avoid use of aliskiren with benazepril hydrochloride in patients with renal impairment (GFR < 60 mL/min). 7.5. Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Inhibitors Patients receiving coadministration of ACE inhibitor and mTOR inhibitor (e.g., temsirolimus, sirolimus, everolimus) therapy may be at increased risk for angioedema. Monitor for signs of angioedema [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . 7.6. Lithium Lithium toxicity has been reported in patients receiving lithium concomitantly with benazepril hydrochloride. Lithium toxicity was usually reversible upon discontinuation of lithium or benazepril hydrochloride. Monitor serum lithium levels during concurrent use. 7.7. Neprilysin Inhibitor Patients taking concomitant neprilysin inhibitors may be at increased risk for angioedema [see Warnings and Precautions ] . 7.8. Gold Nitritoid reactions (symptoms include facial flushing, nausea, vomiting and hypotension) have been reported rarely in patients on therapy with injectable gold (sodium aurothiomalate) and concomitant ACE inhibitor therapy.
Use in specific populations
8. USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
• Pediatrics: Safety and effectiveness have not been established in patients < 6 years of age or with GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m 2 ( 8.3 )
• Race: Less antihypertensive effect in Blacks as monotherapy ( 8.5 ) 8.1. Pregnancy Risk Summary Benazepril hydrochloride can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Use of drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy reduces fetal renal function and increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and death. Most epidemiologic studies examining fetal abnormalities after exposure to antihypertensive use in the first trimester have not distinguished drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system from other antihypertensive agents. When pregnancy is detected, discontinue benazepril hydrochloride as soon as possible. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population are unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the general U.S. population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated maternal and/or embryo/fetal risk Hypertension in pregnancy increases the maternal risk for pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, premature delivery, and delivery complications (e.g., need for cesarean section, and post-partum hemorrhage). Hypertension increases the fetal risk for intrauterine growth restriction and intrauterine death. Pregnant women with hypertension should be carefully monitored and managed accordingly. Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions Oligohydramnios in pregnant women who use drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy can result in the following: reduced fetal renal function leading to anuria and renal failure, fetal lung hypoplasia and skeletal deformations, including skull hypoplasia, hypotension, and death. In the unusual case that there is no appropriate alternative to therapy with drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system for a particular patient, apprise the mother of the potential risk to the fetus. Perform serial ultrasound examinations to assess the intra-amniotic environment. Fetal testing may be appropriate, based on the week of pregnancy. Patients and physicians should be aware, however, that oligohydramnios may not appear until after the fetus has sustained irreversible injury. Closely observe infants with histories of in utero exposure to benazepril hydrochloride for hypotension, oliguria, and hyperkalemia. If oliguria or hypotension occur in neonates with a history of in utero exposure to benazepril hydrochloride, support blood pressure and renal perfusion. Exchange transfusions or dialysis may be required as a means of reversing hypotension and substituting for disordered renal function. 8.2. Lactation Minimal amounts of unchanged benazepril and of benazeprilat are excreted into the breast milk of lactating women treated with benazepril. A newborn child ingesting entirely breast milk would receive less than 0.1% of the mg/kg maternal dose of benazepril and benazeprilat. 8.3. Pediatric Use The antihypertensive effects of benazepril hydrochloride tablets have been evaluated in a double-blind study in pediatric patients 7 to 16 years of age [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . The pharmacokinetics of benazepril hydrochloride tablets have been evaluated in pediatric patients 6 to 16 years of age [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Infants below the age of 1 year should not be given benazepril hydrochloride because of the risk of effects on kidney development. Safety and effectiveness of benazepril hydrochloride tablets have not been established in pediatric patients less than 6 years of age or in children with glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73m 2 [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) and Clinical Pharmacology 12.3) ] . 8.4. Geriatric Use Of the total number of patients who received benazepril in U.S. clinical studies of benazepril hydrochloride, 18% were 65 or older while 2% were 75 or older. No overall differences in effectiveness or safety were observed between these patients and younger patients, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. Benazepril and benazeprilat are substantially excreted by the kidney. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) ] . 8.5. Race ACE inhibitors, including benazepril hydrochloride, as monotherapy, have an effect on blood pressure that is less in Black patients than in non-Blacks. 8.6. Renal Impairment Dose adjustment of benazepril hydrochloride is required in patients undergoing hemodialysis or whose creatinine clearance is ≤ 30 mL/min. No dose adjustment of benazepril hydrochloride is required in patients with creatinine clearance > 30 mL/min [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
Pregnancy
8.1. Pregnancy Risk Summary Benazepril hydrochloride can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Use of drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy reduces fetal renal function and increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and death. Most epidemiologic studies examining fetal abnormalities after exposure to antihypertensive use in the first trimester have not distinguished drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system from other antihypertensive agents. When pregnancy is detected, discontinue benazepril hydrochloride as soon as possible. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population are unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the general U.S. population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated maternal and/or embryo/fetal risk Hypertension in pregnancy increases the maternal risk for pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, premature delivery, and delivery complications (e.g., need for cesarean section, and post-partum hemorrhage). Hypertension increases the fetal risk for intrauterine growth restriction and intrauterine death. Pregnant women with hypertension should be carefully monitored and managed accordingly. Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions Oligohydramnios in pregnant women who use drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy can result in the following: reduced fetal renal function leading to anuria and renal failure, fetal lung hypoplasia and skeletal deformations, including skull hypoplasia, hypotension, and death. In the unusual case that there is no appropriate alternative to therapy with drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system for a particular patient, apprise the mother of the potential risk to the fetus. Perform serial ultrasound examinations to assess the intra-amniotic environment. Fetal testing may be appropriate, based on the week of pregnancy. Patients and physicians should be aware, however, that oligohydramnios may not appear until after the fetus has sustained irreversible injury. Closely observe infants with histories of in utero exposure to benazepril hydrochloride for hypotension, oliguria, and hyperkalemia. If oliguria or hypotension occur in neonates with a history of in utero exposure to benazepril hydrochloride, support blood pressure and renal perfusion. Exchange transfusions or dialysis may be required as a means of reversing hypotension and substituting for disordered renal function.
Pediatric use
8.3. Pediatric Use The antihypertensive effects of benazepril hydrochloride tablets have been evaluated in a double-blind study in pediatric patients 7 to 16 years of age [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . The pharmacokinetics of benazepril hydrochloride tablets have been evaluated in pediatric patients 6 to 16 years of age [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Infants below the age of 1 year should not be given benazepril hydrochloride because of the risk of effects on kidney development. Safety and effectiveness of benazepril hydrochloride tablets have not been established in pediatric patients less than 6 years of age or in children with glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73m 2 [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) and Clinical Pharmacology 12.3) ] .
Overdosage
10. OVERDOSAGE Single oral doses of 3 g/kg benazepril were associated with significant lethality in mice. Rats, however, tolerated single oral doses of up to 6 g/kg. Reduced activity was seen at 1 g/kg in mice and at 5 g/kg in rats. Human overdoses of benazepril have not been reported, but the most common manifestation of human benazepril overdosage is likely to be hypotension, for which the usual treatment would be intravenous infusion of normal saline solution. Hypotension can be associated with electrolyte disturbances and renal failure. Benazepril is only slightly dialyzable, but consider dialysis to support patients with severely impaired renal function [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . If ingestion is recent, consider activated charcoal. Consider gastric decontamination (e.g., vomiting, gastric lavage) in the early period after ingestion. Monitor for blood pressure and clinical symptoms. Supportive management should be employed to ensure adequate hydration and to maintain systemic blood pressure. In the case of marked hypotension, infuse physiological saline solution; as needed, consider vasopressors (e.g., catecholamines i.v.).
Description
11. DESCRIPTION Benazepril hydrochloride USP is a white to off-white crystalline powder, soluble (> 100 mg/mL) in water, in ethanol, and in methanol. Its chemical name is benazepril 3-[[1-(ethoxy-carbonyl)-3‑phenyl-(1S)-propyl] amino]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2-oxo-1 H -1-(3S)-benzazepine-1-acetic acid monohydrochloride; its structural formula is Its empirical formula is C 24 H 28 N 2 O 5
• HCl and its molecular weight is 460.96. Benazeprilat, the active metabolite of benazepril, is a non-sulfhydryl angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets USP contain 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg of benazepril hydrochloride USP for oral administration. The inactive ingredients are colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hydrogenated castor oil, hypromellose, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, polydextrose, polyethylene glycol, talc, titanium dioxide and triacetin. In addition, the 5 mg, 10 mg and 20 mg contain yellow iron oxide, and the 20 mg and 40 mg contain red iron oxide. structure
Mechanism of action
12.1. Mechanism of Action Benazepril and benazeprilat inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in human subjects and animals. Benazeprilat has much greater ACE inhibitory activity than does benazepril. ACE is a peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor substance, angiotensin II. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II, which leads to decreased vasopressor activity and to decreased aldosterone secretion. The latter decrease may result in a small increase of serum potassium. Removal of angiotensin II negative feedback on renin secretion leads to increased plasma renin activity. In animal studies, benazepril had no inhibitory effect on the vasopressor response to angiotensin II and did not interfere with the hemodynamic effects of the autonomic neurotransmitters acetylcholine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. ACE is identical to kininase, an enzyme that degrades bradykinin. Whether increased levels of bradykinin, a potent vasodepressor peptide, play a role in the therapeutic effects of benazepril hydrochloride remains to be elucidated. While the mechanism through which benazepril lowers blood pressure is believed to be primarily suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, benazepril has an antihypertensive effect even in patients with low-renin hypertension.
How supplied
Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets USP, 5 mg are light yellow, capsule-shaped, film-coated tablets, debossed with “ANI” on one side and “524” on the other. The are available in: Bottles of 100 tablets NDC 62559-524-01 Bottles of 500 tablets NDC 62559-524-05 Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets USP, 10 mg are dark yellow, capsule-shaped, film-coated tablets, debossed with “ANI” on one side and “525” on the other. The are available in: Bottles of 100 tablets NDC 62559-525-01 Bottles of 500 tablets NDC 62559-525-05 Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets USP, 20 mg are light pink, capsule-shaped, film-coated tablets, debossed with “ANI” on one side and “526” on the other. The are available in: Bottles of 100 tablets NDC 62559-526-01 Bottles of 500 tablets NDC 62559-526-05 Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets USP, 40 mg are dark pink, capsule-shaped, film-coated tablets, debossed with “ANI” on one side and “527” on the other. The are available in: Bottles of 100 tablets NDC 62559-527-01 Bottles of 500 tablets NDC 62559-527-05 Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Protect from moisture. Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP.
Patient information
17. PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Pregnancy: Tell female patients of childbearing age about the consequences of exposure to benazepril hydrochloride during pregnancy. Discuss treatment options with women planning to become pregnant. Instruct patients to report pregnancies to their physicians as soon as possible. Angioedema: Angioedema, including laryngeal edema, can occur at any time with treatment with ACE inhibitors. Tell patients to report immediately any signs or symptoms suggesting angioedema (swelling of face, eyes, lips, or tongue, or difficulty in breathing) and to take no more drugs until they have consulted with the prescribing physician. Symptomatic Hypotension: Tell patients to report light-headedness especially during the first few days of therapy. If actual syncope occurs, tell the patients to discontinue the drug until they have consulted with the prescribing physician. Tell patients that excessive perspiration and dehydration may lead to an excessive fall in blood pressure because of a reduction in fluid volume. Other causes of volume depletion such as vomiting or diarrhea may also lead to a fall in blood pressure; advise patients accordingly. Hyperkalemia: Tell patients not to use potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium without consulting the prescribing physician. Hypoglycemia: Tell diabetic patients treated with oral antidiabetic agents or insulin starting an ACE inhibitor to monitor for hypoglycemia closely, especially during the first month of combined use. Distributed by: ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Baudette, MN 56623 10587 Rev 01/25 ani
Label text from the FDA structured product label by ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (revised Aug 19, 2026). Long sections are shortened; the complete label is on DailyMed.
Active ingredients
- Benazepril Hydrochloride in 85 products
Benazepril Hydrochloride NDC products (85)
| NDC | Strength & form | Labeler | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50090-5751 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | A-S Medication Solutions | ANDA |
| 50090-5750 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | A-S Medication Solutions | ANDA |
| 50090-3775 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | A-S Medication Solutions | ANDA |
| 50090-0914 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | A-S Medication Solutions | ANDA |
| 50090-3243 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | A-S Medication Solutions | ANDA |
| 50090-3359 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | A-S Medication Solutions | ANDA |
| 65162-754 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet | Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC | ANDA |
| 65162-753 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC | ANDA |
| 65162-752 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet | Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC | ANDA |
| 65162-751 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet | Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC | ANDA |
| 53746-751 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet | Amneal Pharmaceuticals of New York LLC | ANDA |
| 53746-752 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet | Amneal Pharmaceuticals of New York LLC | ANDA |
| 53746-753 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | Amneal Pharmaceuticals of New York LLC | ANDA |
| 53746-754 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet | Amneal Pharmaceuticals of New York LLC | ANDA |
| 62559-526 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANDA |
| 62559-527 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet | ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANDA |
| 62559-525 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet | ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANDA |
| 62559-524 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet | ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANDA |
| 65862-117 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Aurobindo Pharma Limited | ANDA |
| 65862-118 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Aurobindo Pharma Limited | ANDA |
| 84386-100 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Aurobindo Pharma Limited | ANDA |
| 84386-101 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Aurobindo Pharma Limited | ANDA |
| 84386-102 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Aurobindo Pharma Limited | ANDA |
| 50268-109 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet | AvPAK | ANDA |
| 50268-110 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet | AvPAK | ANDA |
| 50268-111 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | AvPAK | ANDA |
| 50268-112 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet | AvPAK | ANDA |
| 71335-0854 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet | Bryant Ranch Prepack | ANDA |
| 72162-1816 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet | Bryant Ranch Prepack | ANDA |
| 71335-1365 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Bryant Ranch Prepack | ANDA |
| 71335-1086 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | Bryant Ranch Prepack | ANDA |
| 71335-0457 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Bryant Ranch Prepack | ANDA |
| 71335-0267 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Bryant Ranch Prepack | ANDA |
| 71335-0078 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Bryant Ranch Prepack | ANDA |
| 55154-4343 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet | Cardinal Health 107, LLC | ANDA |
| 55154-4344 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | Cardinal Health 107, LLC | ANDA |
| 62135-719 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet | Chartwell RX, LLC | ANDA |
| 62135-720 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet | Chartwell RX, LLC | ANDA |
| 62135-721 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | Chartwell RX, LLC | ANDA |
| 62135-722 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet | Chartwell RX, LLC | ANDA |
| 72189-110 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | DIRECT RX | ANDA |
| 51407-465 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Golden State Medical Supply, Inc. | ANDA |
| 51407-462 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Golden State Medical Supply, Inc. | ANDA |
| 51407-463 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Golden State Medical Supply, Inc. | ANDA |
| 51407-464 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Golden State Medical Supply, Inc. | ANDA |
| 23155-751 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | Heritage Pharmaceuticals Inc. d/b/a Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc. | ANDA |
| 23155-750 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet | Heritage Pharmaceuticals Inc. d/b/a Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc. | ANDA |
| 23155-749 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet | Heritage Pharmaceuticals Inc. d/b/a Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc. | ANDA |
| 23155-752 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet | Heritage Pharmaceuticals Inc. d/b/a Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc. | ANDA |
| 51655-065 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Northwind Health Company, LLC | ANDA |
| 51655-755 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | Northwind Health Company, LLC | ANDA |
| 51655-617 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Northwind Health Company, LLC | ANDA |
| 51655-388 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Northwind Health Company, LLC | ANDA |
| 82868-089 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Northwind Health Company, LLC | ANDA |
| 51655-202 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Northwind Health Company, LLC | ANDA |
| 51655-066 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Northwind Health Company, LLC | ANDA |
| 68071-3324 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | NuCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANDA |
| 68071-1770 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | NuCare Pharmaceuticals,Inc. | ANDA |
| 68071-5130 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | NuCare Pharmaceuticals,Inc. | ANDA |
| 68071-5129 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | NuCare Pharmaceuticals,Inc. | ANDA |
| 68071-5028 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | NuCare Pharmaceuticals,Inc. | ANDA |
| 68071-4722 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | NuCare Pharmaceuticals,Inc. | ANDA |
| 68071-3057 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | NuCare Pharmaceuticals,Inc. | ANDA |
| 68071-1969 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | NuCare Pharmaceuticals,Inc. | ANDA |
| 68071-1769 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | NuCare Pharmaceuticals,Inc. | ANDA |
| 43063-677 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANDA |
| 43063-679 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANDA |
| 43063-748 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANDA |
| 68788-6889 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc. | ANDA |
| 68788-6957 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc. | ANDA |
| 68788-8877 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc. | ANDA |
| 68788-9313 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Preferred Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANDA |
| 68788-9327 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Preferred Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANDA |
| 71205-320 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Film Coated | Proficient Rx LP | ANDA |
| 63187-500 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Proficient Rx LP | ANDA |
| 63187-499 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Proficient Rx LP | ANDA |
| 63187-393 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Proficient Rx LP | ANDA |
| 71205-244 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | Proficient Rx LP | ANDA |
| 63187-906 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Proficient Rx LP | ANDA |
| 70518-4633 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet | REMEDYREPACK INC. | ANDA |
| 70518-2125 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | REMEDYREPACK INC. | ANDA |
| 43547-337 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 20 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Solco healthcare U.S., LLC | ANDA |
| 43547-338 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 40 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Solco healthcare U.S., LLC | ANDA |
| 43547-336 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 10 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Solco healthcare U.S., LLC | ANDA |
| 43547-335 | Benazepril Hydrochloride 5 mg/1 Tablet, Coated | Solco healthcare U.S., LLC | ANDA |
Benazepril Hydrochloride recalls
- D-0134-2020 Oct 16, 2019 · Class III · Terminated
Presence of Foreign Tablet/Capsule; Promethazine HCl tablet found in the Benazepril HCl bottle
Frequently asked questions
What is Benazepril Hydrochloride used for?
1. INDICATIONS AND USAGE Benazepril Hydrochloride Tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. These benefits have been seen in controlled trials of antihypertensive drugs from a wide variety of pharmacologic classes including the…
What are the side effects of Benazepril Hydrochloride?
6. ADVERSE REACTIONS Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical studies of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Benazepril hydrochloride has been evaluated for safety in over 6000 patients with hypertension; over 700 of… See the full label for the complete list.
Who makes Benazepril Hydrochloride?
Benazepril Hydrochloride is listed by 21 labelers in the FDA NDC directory, including A-S Medication Solutions, Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC, Amneal Pharmaceuticals of New York LLC, ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc..
Has Benazepril Hydrochloride been recalled?
The FDA enforcement database lists 1 recall for Benazepril Hydrochloride, most recently D-0134-2020 (class iii): Presence of Foreign Tablet/Capsule; Promethazine HCl tablet found in the Benazepril HCl bottle