Intralipid
I.V. Fat Emulsion · Emulsion · Intravenous
Uses
Intralipid ® is indicated as a source of calories and essential fatty acids for adult and pediatric patients requiring parenteral nutrition (PN) and as a source of essential fatty acids for prevention of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD). Intralipid is indicated as a source of calories and essential fatty acids for adult and pediatric patients requiring parenteral nutrition (PN) and as a source of essential fatty acids for prevention of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD).
Dosage and administration
• For intravenous infusion into a peripheral or central vein. ( 2.1 )
• Intralipid Pharmacy Bulk Package is only indicated for use in pharmacy admixture program for the preparation of three-in-one or total nutrition admixtures (TNAs). ( 2.2 )
• Protect the admixed PN solution from light. ( 2.2 , 16 )
• Recommended dosage depends on age, energy expenditure, clinical status, body weight, tolerance, ability to metabolize and eliminate lipids, and consideration of additional energy given to the patient. ( 2.3 ) Age Nutritional Requirements Initial Recommended Dosage Maximum Dosage Birth to 2 years of age (including preterm and term neonates) 0.5 g/kg/day 3 g/kg/day Pediatric patients 2 to <12 years of age 1 to 2 g/kg/day 2.5 g/kg/day Pediatric patients 12 to 17 years of age 1 g/kg/day 2 g/kg/day Adults 1 g/kg/day (stable) ≤1 g/kg/day (critically ill) 2.5 g/kg/day 2.1 Important Administration Instructions
• Intralipid is prepared and administered by a healthcare provider in the inpatient setting. Patients and caregivers may prepare and administer Intralipid for home use after appropriate training by a trained healthcare provider.
• Intralipid is for intravenous infusion into a central or peripheral vein.
• Do not exceed the recommended maximum infusion rate in Table 1 [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.3 ) and Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )].
• Intralipid admixtures with osmolarity o Greater than or equal to 900 mOsm/L must be infused through a central vein. o Less than 900 mOsm/L may be administered either through a central or peripheral vein.
• Use a 1.2 micron in-line filter during administration.
• Use a dedicated infusion line without any connections. Do not connect multiple medications in series.
• To prevent air embolism, use a non-vented infusion set or close the vent on a vented set and fully evacuate residual gas in the bag prior to administration.
• Do not pressurize the flexible bag to increase flow rates, and if administration is controlled by a pumping device, turn off the pump before the bag runs dry.
• Do not use infusion sets and lines that contain di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), including infusion sets that contain polyvinyl chloride (PVC) components, because they contain DEHP as a plasticizer.
• Intralipid can be infused concurrently into the same vein as dextrose-amino acid solutions (as part of PN) by a Y-connector located near the infusion site; flow rates of each solution should be controlled separately by infusion pumps.
• After connecting the infusion set, start infusion of Intralipid immediately. Complete the infusion within 12 hours when using a Y-connector and within 24 hours when used as part of an admixture. 2.2 Preparation Instructions Use the following instructions to prepare single-dose 100 mL, 250 mL, and 500 mL Flexible containers for administration: 1. Inspect Bag
• Inspect the integrity indicator (Oxalert ® ) (A) before removing the overpouch.
• Discard the product if the indicator is black, overpouch is opened or damaged, emulsion color is not white, or seals of bag are broken. 2. Remove Overpouch
• Place the bag on a clean, flat surface.
• Tear the overpouch at notch and pull down.
• Discard the Oxalert sachet (A) and the oxygen absorber (B).
• Visually inspect the bag and contents for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. The lipid emulsion should be a homogenous liquid with a milky white appearance. If the mixture is not white or the emulsion has separated (noted by discoloration, phase separation, or oily droplets), or if particulates and/or leakage are observed, discard the bag. 3. Spike Bag
• Identify the infusion port ( blue cap with the arrow pointing away from the bag).
• Immediately before inserting the infusion set, break off the blue infusion port cap.
• Use infusion sets according to ISO Number 8536-4 with an external spike diameter of 5.5 to 5.7 mm and use a non-vented infusion set or close the air-inlet on a vented set.
• Use a 1.2 micron in-line filter for administration.
• Hold the base of the infusion port.
• Insert the spike through the infusion port by rotating your wrist slightly until the spike is inserted.
• Do not pierce the infusion port more than once. 4. Hang the bag
• On the hanger cut and start infusion.
• Discard unused portion. Intralipid 100 mL, 250 mL, and 500 mL single-dose Flexible Containers
• After removing the overpouch, infuse immediately. If not used immediately, the product should be stored at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) for no longer than 24 hours. After removal from storage, infuse within 12 hours when using a Y-connector and within 24 hours when used as part of an admixture. Intralipid 1,000 mL Pharmacy Bulk Package
• For admixing use only and not for direct intravenous infusion . Prior to administration, transfer to a separate PN container for individual patient use.
• Transfer the contents through the blue infusion port using a suitable sterile transfer device or dispensing set. Discard any unused contents.
• Use the Pharmacy Bulk Package immediately for admixing after removal from the overpouch. If not used immediately, the product can be stored for no longer than 24 hours at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). After removal from storage, and once the closure is penetrated, use Pharmacy Bulk Package contents within 4 hours. Admixing Instructions
• Prepare the admixture in PN containers using strict aseptic techniques to avoid microbial contamination.
• Do not add Intralipid to the PN container first; destabilization of the lipid may occur. The prime destabilizers of emulsions are excessive acidity (such as a pH <5) and inappropriate electrolyte content. Amino acid solutions exert buffering effects that protect the emulsion from destabilization. Give careful consideration to the addition of divalent cations (Ca++ and Mg++), which have been shown to cause emulsion instability.
• Do not inject additives directly into Intralipid.
Dosage forms and strengths
Intralipid 20% is a sterile, homogenous, milky, white lipid injectable emulsion in Flexible Containers supplied as:
• 20 g/100 mL (0.2 g/mL) of lipid in 100 mL single-dose Flexible Container
• 50 g /250 mL (0.2 g/mL) of lipid in 250 mL single-dose Flexible Container
• 100 g/500 mL (0.2 g/mL) of lipid in 500 mL single-dose Flexible Container
• 200 g /1,000 mL (0.2 g/mL) of lipid in 1,000 mL Pharmacy Bulk Package 20% Injectable emulsion:
• 20 g/100 mL (0.2 g/mL) of lipid in 100 mL single-dose flexible container ( 3 )
• 50 g/250 mL (0.2 g/mL) of lipid in 250 mL single-dose flexible container ( 3 )
• 100 g/500 mL (0.2 g/mL) of lipid in 500 mL single-dose flexible container ( 3 )
• 200 g/1,000 mL (0.2 g/mL) of lipid in 1,000 mL Pharmacy Bulk Package ( 3 )
Contraindications
• Known hypersensitivity to egg, soybean, peanut, or any of the active or inactive ingredients in Intralipid [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )]
• Severe disorders of lipid metabolism characterized by hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglyceride > 1,000 mg/dL) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )]
• Known hypersensitivity to egg, soybean, or peanut, or any of the active ingredients or excipients. ( 4 , 5.3 )
• Severe disorders of lipid metabolism characterized by hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglyceride > 1,000 mg/dL). ( 4 , 5.7 )
Warnings and precautions
• Risk of Clinical Decompensation with Rapid Infusion of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion in Neonates and Infants: Acute respiratory distress, metabolic acidosis, and death after rapid infusion of intravenous lipid emulsions have been reported. ( 5.1 , 8.4 )
• Risk of Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease (PNALD): Increased risk in patients who receive PN for extended periods of time, especially preterm neonates. Monitor liver function tests; if abnormalities occur consider discontinuation or dosage reduction. ( 5.2 , 6.1 , 8.4 )
• Hypersensitivity Reactions: Monitor for signs or symptoms. Discontinue infusion if reactions occur. ( 5.3 )
• Risk of Infections, Fat Overload Syndrome, Refeeding Syndrome, and Hypertriglyceridemia: Monitor for signs and symptoms; monitor laboratory parameters. ( 5.4 , 5.5 , 5.6 , 5.7 )
• Aluminum Toxicity: Increased risk in patients with renal impairment, including preterm neonates. ( 5.8 , 8.4 ) 5.1 Clinical Decompensation with Rapid Infusion of Intravenous Lipid Emulsions in Neonates and Infants In the postmarketing setting, serious adverse reactions including acute respiratory distress, metabolic acidosis, and death have been reported in neonates and infants after rapid infusion of intravenous lipid emulsions. Hypertriglyceridemia was commonly reported. Strictly adhere to the recommended total daily dosage; the hourly infusion rate should not exceed 0.75 mL/kg/hour [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.3 )]. Preterm and small for gestational age infants have poor clearance of intravenous lipid emulsion and increased free fatty acid plasma levels following lipid emulsion infusion. Carefully monitor the infant's ability to eliminate the infused lipids from the circulation (e.g., measure serum triglycerides and/or plasma free fatty acid levels). If signs or poor clearance of lipids from the circulation occur, stop the infusion and initiate a medical evaluation [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 , 5.7 ) and Overdosage ( 10 )]. 5.2 Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease and Other Hepatobiliary Disorders Risk of Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease Parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD), also referred to as intestinal failure- associated liver disease (IFALD), can present as cholestasis or hepatic steatosis, and may progress to steatohepatitis with fibrosis and cirrhosis (possibly leading to chronic hepatic failure). The etiology of PNALD is multifactorial; however, intravenously administered phytosterols (plant sterols) contained in plant-derived lipid emulsions, including Intralipid, have been associated with development of PNALD. In a randomized study of neonates and infants expected to be treated with PN for at least 28 days, parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC), a precursor to PNALD, developed more frequently in Intralipid-treated patients than patients treated with a 4-oil mixed lipid emulsion. [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 ), Use in Specific Populations ( 8.4 )] . Monitor liver tests in patients treated with Intralipid and consider discontinuation or dosage reduction if abnormalities occur. Other Hepatobiliary Disorders Hepatobiliary disorders including cholecystitis and cholelithiasis have developed in some PN-treated patients without preexisting liver disease. Monitor liver tests when administering Intralipid. Patients developing signs of hepatobiliary disorders should be assessed early to determine whether these conditions are related to Intralipid use. 5.3 Hypersensitivity Reactions Intralipid contains soybean oil and egg phospholipids, which may cause hypersensitivity reactions. Cross reactions have been observed between soybean and peanut. In postmarketing experience, anaphylaxis has been reported following Intralipid administration [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.2 )] . Intralipid is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to egg, soybean, peanut or any of the active or inactive ingredients in Intralipid [see Contraindications ( 4 )] . If a hypersensitivity reaction occurs, stop infusion of Intralipid immediately and initiate appropriate treatment and supportive measures. 5.4 Infections Parenteral nutrition, such as Intralipid, can support microbial growth and is an independent risk factor for the development of catheter-related bloodstream infections. To decrease the risk of infectious complications, ensure aseptic techniques are used for catheter placement, catheter maintenance, and preparation and administration of Intralipid. Monitor for signs and symptoms of infection including fever and chills, as well as laboratory test results that might indicate infection (including leukocytosis and hyperglycemia). Perform frequent checks of the intravenous catheter insertion site for edema, redness, and discharge. 5.5 Fat Overload Syndrome Fat overload syndrome is a rare condition that has been reported with intravenous lipid injectable emulsions and is characterized by a sudden deterioration in the patient's condition (e.g., fever, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, coagulation disorders, hyperlipidemia, hepatomegaly, deteriorating liver function, and central nervous system manifestations such as coma). A reduced or limited ability to metabolize lipids, accompanied by prolonged plasma clearance (resulting in higher lipid levels), may result in this syndrome. Although fat overload syndrome has been most frequently observed when the recommended lipid dose or infusion rate was exceeded, cases have also been described when the lipid formulation was administered according to instructions. If signs or symptoms of fat overload syndrome occur, stop the infusion of Intralipid. The syndrome is usually reversible when the infusion of the lipid emulsion is stopped. 5.6 Refeeding Syndrome Administering PN to severely malnourished patients may result in refeeding syndrome, which is characterized by the intracellular shift of potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium as patients become anabolic.
Side effects
Adverse reactions described elsewhere in this Prescribing Information are:
• Clinical Decompensation with Rapid Infusion of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion in Neonates and Infants [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]
• Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease and Other Hepatobiliary Disorders [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )]
• Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )]
• Infections [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )]
• Fat Overload Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )]
• Refeeding Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )]
• Hypertriglyceridemia [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )]
• Aluminum Toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] Most common adverse drug reactions (≥5%) from clinical trials in adults were nausea, vomiting, and pyrexia. Most common adverse drug reactions (≥5%) from clinical trials in pediatric patients were anemia, vomiting, increased gamma-glutamyltransferase, and cholestasis. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC at 1-800-551-7176 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. Intralipid or equivalent soybean oil lipid emulsions functioned as the comparator in trials of the 4-oil mixed lipid emulsion [see Clinical Studies ( 14 )]. The adverse reactions from these studies are included to present the clinical experience with Intralipid. The safety database for Intralipid or equivalent soybean oil lipid emulsion exposure in these studies includes 393 patients (230 adults; 163 pediatric) in 9 clinical trials. Adult patients were exposed for 5 days to 4 weeks in 5 clinical trials. Intralipid or equivalent soybean oil lipid emulsion was used as a component of PN which also included dextrose, amino acids, vitamins, and trace elements. Two of the 5 studies in adults were performed with Intralipid as a component of PN delivered in a 3-chamber bag. Table 2: Adverse Reactions in >1% of Adult Patients Treated with Intralipid/Soybean oil emulsion Adverse Reaction Number of Patients in Soybean Oil Lipid Emulsion Group (N=230) Number of Patients in 4-Oil Mixed Lipid Emulsion Comparator Group (N=229) Nausea 26 (11%) 20 (9%) Vomiting 12 (5%) 15 (7%) Pyrexia 11 (5%) 9 (4%) Hypertension 9 (4%) 6 (3%) Headache 7 (3%) 3 (1%) Hyperglycemia 5 (2%) 12 (5%) Abdominal pain 5 (2%) 8 (4%) Flatulence 4 (2%) 10 (4%) Blood triglycerides increased 4 (2%) 6 (3%) Sepsis 4 (2%) 5 (2%) Diarrhea 4 (2%) 3 (1%) Pneumonia 4 (2%) 3 (1%) Pruritus 4 (2%) 3 (1%) Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased 4 (2%) 2 (1%) Less common adverse reactions occurring in ≤1% of adult patients who received Intralipid or equivalent soybean oil lipid emulsion were dyspepsia, urinary tract infection, anemia, infection, dyspnea, cholestasis, dysgeusia, increased blood alkaline phosphatase, tachycardia, liver function test abnormalities, dizziness, rash, and thrombophlebitis. The 163 patients treated with Intralipid in four pediatric trials consisted of 147 patients <28 days of age, 9 patients 28 days to <2 years of age, and 7 patients 2 to 7 years of age; the duration of exposure was 7 to 84 days. Fifty-six percent of the pediatric patients were female, and 85% were Caucasian. Most pediatric patients were preterm neonates with feeding intolerance or other conditions requiring short-term (<29 days) PN. Table 3: Adverse Reactions in >1% of Pediatric Patients Treated with Intralipid Adverse Reaction Number of Patients in Intralipid Group (N=163) Number of Patients in 4-Oil Mixed Lipid Emulsion Comparator Group (N=170) Anemia 33 (20%) 30 (18%) Vomiting 16 (10%) 16 (9%) Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased 12 (7%) 10 (6%) Cholestasis 10 (6%) 7 (4%) Pyrexia 7 (4%) 7 (4%) C-reactive protein increased 7 (4%) 6 (4%) Hyperbilirubinemia 7 (4%) 5 (3%) Bilirubin conjugated increased 7 (4%) 3 (2%) Nosocomial infection 6 (4%) 10 (6%) Blood alkaline phosphatase increased 6 (4%) 1 (1%) Abdominal pain 5 (3%) 4 (2%) Hematocrit decreased 5 (3%) 2 (1%) Metabolic acidosis 5 (3%) 2 (1%) Diarrhea 4 (3%) 3 (2%) Tachycardia 4 (3%) 3 (2%) Thrombocytopenia 4 (3%) 3 (2%) Alanine aminotransferase increased 3 (2%) 1 (1%) Aspartate aminotransferase increased 3 (2%) 0 (0%) Parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease 3 (2%) 0 (0%) Less common adverse reactions occurring in ≤1% of pediatric patients who received Intralipid were hyperglycemia, sepsis, increased blood triglycerides, infection, fluid overload, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, rash, and hyperlipidemia. In a randomized active-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, multi-center study that included 152 neonates and 9 patients ranging in age from 29 to 153 days who were expected to require PN for at least 28 days, PNAC, a precursor to PNALD, developed more frequently in Intralipid-treated patients than in patients treated with a comparator 4-oil mixed lipid emulsion. PNAC (defined as direct bilirubin >2 mg/dL with a second confirmed elevation >2 mg/dL at least 7 days later) occurred in 11.5% (9/78) in Intralipid-treated patients and 2.4% (2/83) of patients treated with a 4-oil mixed lipid emulsion. Most PNAC events occurred in patients who were treated for longer than 28 days. The estimated cumulative incidence of PNAC is shown in the Kaplan-Meier cumulative incidence curve in Figure 1 [see Pediatric Clinical Studies ( 14.2 )] . Figure 1: Cumulative Incidence Curve of Time to Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Cholestasis (PNAC) with Standard Error Bars intra-img-06.jpg 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions from voluntary reports have been reported with Intralipid.
Drug interactions
Soybean oil in Intralipid contains vitamin K 1 which may counteract the anticoagulant activity of vitamin K antagonists such as warfarin. In patients who receive concomitant Intralipid and warfarin, increase monitoring of laboratory parameters for anticoagulant activity. Vitamin K Antagonists (e.g., warfarin) : Anticoagulant activity may be counteracted; increase monitoring of coagulation parameters. ( 7 )
Use in specific populations
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Administration of the recommended dose of Intralipid is not expected to cause major birth defects, miscarriage, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. No animal reproduction studies have been conducted with Intralipid. There are risks to the fetus associated with severe malnutrition during pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations ) . The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population(s) is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo-Fetal Risk Severe malnutrition in pregnant women is associated with preterm delivery, low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction, congenital malformations, and perinatal mortality. Parenteral nutrition should be considered if the pregnant woman's nutritional requirements cannot be fulfilled by oral or enteral intake. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary Administration of the recommended dose of Intralipid is not expected to cause harm to a breastfed infant. There are no data on the presence of Intralipid in human or animal milk or its effects on milk production. Available published literature includes fewer than five reported cases of breastfed infants exposed to various lipid emulsions via lactation, and these cases did not report adverse events. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for Intralipid and any potential adverse effects of Intralipid on the breastfed infant, or from the underlying maternal condition. 8.4 Pediatric Use Intralipid is contraindicated in pediatric patients with severe disorders of lipid metabolism [ (see Contraindications ( 4 )]. The safety and effectiveness of Intralipid have been established as a source of calories and essential fatty acids for PN in pediatric patients, including term and preterm neonates. Use of Intralipid in neonates is supported by evidence from short-term (i.e., 1- to 4- week) studies, and one study following neonates beyond 4 weeks [see Clinical Studies ( 14.2 )] . Use of Intralipid in older pediatric patients is supported by evidence from short-term (i.e., <28 days) studies in pediatric patients 28 days to 12 years of age and additional evidence from studies in adults [see Clinical Studies ( 14 )] . The most common adverse reactions in Intralipid-treated pediatric patients were anemia, vomiting, gamma-glutamyltransferase increased, and cholestasis. PNAC, a precursor to PNALD, developed more frequently in Intralipid-treated patients than in patients treated with a comparator 4-oil mixed lipid emulsion [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ) and Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]. In the postmarketing setting, clinical decompensation with rapid infusion of intravenous lipid emulsion in neonates and infants, sometimes fatal, has been reported [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . Because of immature renal function, preterm neonates receiving prolonged treatment with Intralipid may be at risk for aluminum toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] . 8.5 Geriatric Use Reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or drug therapy.
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Administration of the recommended dose of Intralipid is not expected to cause major birth defects, miscarriage, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. No animal reproduction studies have been conducted with Intralipid. There are risks to the fetus associated with severe malnutrition during pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations ) . The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population(s) is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo-Fetal Risk Severe malnutrition in pregnant women is associated with preterm delivery, low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction, congenital malformations, and perinatal mortality. Parenteral nutrition should be considered if the pregnant woman's nutritional requirements cannot be fulfilled by oral or enteral intake.
Pediatric use
8.4 Pediatric Use Intralipid is contraindicated in pediatric patients with severe disorders of lipid metabolism [ (see Contraindications ( 4 )]. The safety and effectiveness of Intralipid have been established as a source of calories and essential fatty acids for PN in pediatric patients, including term and preterm neonates. Use of Intralipid in neonates is supported by evidence from short-term (i.e., 1- to 4- week) studies, and one study following neonates beyond 4 weeks [see Clinical Studies ( 14.2 )] . Use of Intralipid in older pediatric patients is supported by evidence from short-term (i.e., <28 days) studies in pediatric patients 28 days to 12 years of age and additional evidence from studies in adults [see Clinical Studies ( 14 )] . The most common adverse reactions in Intralipid-treated pediatric patients were anemia, vomiting, gamma-glutamyltransferase increased, and cholestasis. PNAC, a precursor to PNALD, developed more frequently in Intralipid-treated patients than in patients treated with a comparator 4-oil mixed lipid emulsion [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ) and Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]. In the postmarketing setting, clinical decompensation with rapid infusion of intravenous lipid emulsion in neonates and infants, sometimes fatal, has been reported [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . Because of immature renal function, preterm neonates receiving prolonged treatment with Intralipid may be at risk for aluminum toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] .
Geriatric use
8.5 Geriatric Use Reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or drug therapy.
Overdosage
In the event of an overdose, serious adverse reactions may result [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 , 5.5 )] . Stop the infusion of Intralipid until triglyceride levels have normalized and symptoms have abated. The effects are usually reversible by stopping the lipid infusion. If medically appropriate, further intervention may be indicated. Lipids are not dialyzable from plasma.
Description
Intralipid is a sterile, non-pyrogenic, white, homogenous lipid emulsion for intravenous infusion as a source of calories and essential fatty acids. The lipid content of Intralipid is 0.2 g/mL and comprises soybean oil. The phosphate content is 15 mmol/L. The total energy content, including fat, phospholipids, and glycerin is 2,000 kcal/L. Each 100 mL of Intralipid contains approximately 20 g soybean oil, 1.2 g egg yolk phospholipids, 2.25 g glycerin, water for injection, and sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment (pH 6 to 8.9). Intralipid has an osmolality of approximately 350 mOsmol/kg water (which represents an osmolarity of 260 mOsmoL/L). The soybean oil is a refined natural product consisting of a mixture of neutral triglycerides of predominantly unsaturated fatty acids with the following structure: where are saturated and unsaturated fatty acid residues. The major component fatty acids in Intralipid are linoleic acid (44% to 62%), oleic acid (19% to 30%), palmitic acid (7% to 14%), alpha-linolenic acid (4% to 11%), and stearic acid (1.4% to 5.5%). These fatty acids have the following chemical and structural formulas: Purified egg phosphatides are a mixture of naturally occurring phospholipids which are isolated from the egg yolk. These phospholipids have the following general structure: contain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids that abound in neutral fats. R 3 is primarily either the choline or ethanolamine ester of phosphoric acid. Glycerin is chemically designated C 3 H 8 O 3 and is a clear colorless, hygroscopic syrupy liquid. It has the following structural formula: The container-solution unit is a closed system and is not dependent upon entry of external air during administration. The container is overwrapped to provide protection from the physical environment and to provide an additional oxygen and moisture barrier when necessary. Intralipid contains no more than 25 mcg/L of aluminum. The container is not made with natural rubber latex, PVC, or DEHP. intra-struc-01.jpg intra-struc-02.jpg intra-struc-03.jpg intra-struc-04.jpg intra-struc-05.jpg intra-struc-06.jpg intra-struc-07.jpg
Mechanism of action
12.1 Mechanism of Action Intralipid provides a biologically utilizable source of calories and essential fatty acids. Fatty acids serve as an important substrate for energy production. The most common mechanism of action for energy production derived from fatty acid metabolism is beta oxidation. Fatty acids are also important for membrane structure and function, as precursors for bioactive molecules (such as prostaglandins), and as regulators of gene expression.
How supplied
Intralipid 20% (lipid injectable emulsion, USP) is a sterile, homogeneous, milky, white lipid emulsion supplied in Flexible Containers as follows: Product Code Unit of Use Unit of Sale 831800311 NDC 65219-531-01 One 100 mL free flex ® bag NDC 65219-531-10 Package of 10 free flex ® bags 831818311 NDC 65219-533-01 One 250 mL free flex ® bag NDC 65219-533-25 Package of 10 free flex ® bags 831826311 NDC 65219-535-01 One 500 mL free flex ® bag NDC 65219-535-50 Package of 12 free flex ® bags 831842311 NDC 65219-539-01 One 1000 mL Pharmacy Bulk Package free flex ® bag NDC 65219-539-10 Package of 6 free flex ® bag Store below 25°C (77°F). Avoid excessive heat. Do not freeze. If accidentally frozen, discard container. Store in the overpouch until ready for use. Intralipid 100 mL, 250 mL and 500 mL single-dose Flexible Containers After removing the overpouch, infuse immediately. If not used immediately, the product should be stored at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) for no longer than 24 hours. After removal from storage, infuse within 12 hours when using a Y-connector or within 24 hours if used as part of an admixture [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 )]. Intralipid 1,000 mL Pharmacy Bulk Package Use the Pharmacy Bulk Package immediately for admixing after removal from the overpouch. If not used immediately, the product should be stored for no longer than 24 hours at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). After removal from storage, and once the closure is penetrated, use Pharmacy Bulk Package contents within 4 hours [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 )]. Admixtures Infuse admixtures containing Intralipid immediately. If not used immediately, admixtures should be stored at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) for no longer than 24 hours. After removal from storage, infuse within 24 hours [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 )] . Protect the admixed PN solution from light [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 )].
Patient information
When initiating Intralipid administration, discuss the following information with the patient or caregiver: Clinical Decompensation with Rapid Infusion of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion in Neonates and Infants Inform caregivers that acute respiratory distress and death may occur in neonates and infants after rapid infusion of intravenous lipid emulsions. If Intralipid is infused at home, instruct caregivers not to exceed the maximum infusion rate [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease and Other Hepatobiliary Disorders Inform patients and caregivers that use of parenteral nutrition may result in parenteral nutrition- associated liver disease and/or other hepatobiliary disorders [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )]. Hypersensitivity Reactions Inform patients and caregivers that Intralipid may cause hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis. If Intralipid is infused at home, instruct patients or caregivers to stop the infusion of Intralipid immediately and seek medical attention if they experience signs or symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction, such as rapid or weak heartbeat, feeling faint, difficulty in breathing or swallowing, vomiting, nausea, headache, sweating, dizziness, hives, rash, itching, flushing, dizziness, fever, or chills [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )]. Infections Inform patients and caregivers that patients who receive Intralipid are at risk of infection. If Intralipid is infused at home, instruct patients or caregivers to ensure aseptic techniques are used for the preparation and administration of Intralipid and to monitor for signs and symptoms of infection [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] . Fat Overload Syndrome Inform patients and caregivers that fat overload syndrome has been reported with the use of intravenous lipid emulsions. If Intralipid is infused at home, instruct patients or caregivers to stop the infusion of Intralipid if signs or symptoms of fat overload syndrome occur [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] . Refeeding Syndrome If the patient is severely malnourished, inform patients and caregivers that administering parenteral nutrition including Intralipid may result in refeeding syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] . Hypertriglyceridemia Inform patients and their caregivers about the risks of hypertriglyceridemia with Intralipid use [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] . Aluminum Toxicity Inform patients and their caregivers that prolonged PN administration in patients with renal impairment, including preterm neonates, may result in aluminum reaching toxic levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] . Preparation and Administration Instructions If it is acceptable for a patient or caregiver to administer Intralipid at home, then provide recommendations on how to inspect and prepare, add compatible additives (when appropriate), administer, and store Intralipid [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 )] . Inform patients or caregivers not to deviate from the administration instructions given by the healthcare provider. Manufactured by: Uppsala, Sweden Intralipid ® is a registered trademark of Fresenius Kabi AB. www.fresenius-kabi.com/us 451713C intra-img-07.jpg
Label text from the FDA structured product label by Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC (revised Nov 19, 2025). Long sections are shortened; the complete label is on DailyMed.
Active ingredients
- Soybean Oil in 10 products
Intralipid NDC products (10)
| NDC | Strength & form | Labeler | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0338-0518 | Soybean Oil 10 g/100mL Emulsion | Baxter Healthcare CORP | NDA |
| 0338-0519 | Soybean Oil 20 g/100mL Emulsion | Baxter Healthcare Corporation | NDA |
| 0338-0520 | Soybean Oil 30 g/100mL Emulsion | Baxter Healthcare Corporation | NDA |
| 65219-531 | Soybean Oil 20 g/100mL Emulsion | Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC | NDA |
| 65219-533 | Soybean Oil 20 g/100mL Emulsion | Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC | NDA |
| 65219-535 | Soybean Oil 20 g/100mL Emulsion | Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC | NDA |
| 65219-537 | Soybean Oil 30 g/100mL Emulsion | Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC | NDA |
| 65219-539 | Soybean Oil 20 g/100mL Emulsion | Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC | NDA |
| 84549-533 | Soybean Oil 20 g/100mL Emulsion | ProPharma Distribution | NDA |
| 84549-535 | Soybean Oil 20 g/100mL Emulsion | ProPharma Distribution | NDA |
Intralipid recalls
- D-1119-2022 Jun 15, 2022 · Class II · Terminated
cGMP deviations: Temperature abuse - D-1120-2022 Jun 15, 2022 · Class II · Terminated
cGMP deviations: Temperature abuse - D-0030-2018 Nov 1, 2017 · Class I · Terminated
Temperature Abuse: A portion of this product lot was exposed to subfreezing temperatures, which is outside of the acceptable storage range listed on the product labeling, during transit to a distribution facility.
Frequently asked questions
What is Intralipid used for?
Intralipid ® is indicated as a source of calories and essential fatty acids for adult and pediatric patients requiring parenteral nutrition (PN) and as a source of essential fatty acids for prevention of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD). Intralipid is indicated as a source of calories and essential fatty acids for adult and pediatric patients requiring parenteral nutrition (PN) and as a…
What are the side effects of Intralipid?
Adverse reactions described elsewhere in this Prescribing Information are: • Clinical Decompensation with Rapid Infusion of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion in Neonates and Infants [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] • Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease and Other Hepatobiliary Disorders [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] • Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3… See the full label for the complete list.
Who makes Intralipid?
Intralipid is listed by 4 labelers in the FDA NDC directory, including Baxter Healthcare CORP, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC, ProPharma Distribution.
Has Intralipid been recalled?
The FDA enforcement database lists 3 recalls for Intralipid, most recently D-1119-2022 (class ii): cGMP deviations: Temperature abuse